Gemstones by Month
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January - Garnet
Garnet
Mohs Hardness: 7-7.5
Common Color: Reddish Brown
When most people think of garnet, they see only images of a dark red gemstone. But look a little deeper into garnet’s many varieties, and you’ll discover every color of the rainbow except blue. Few gems can rival garnet in the diversity of colors available. The green of summer grass, the gold of freshly harvested wheat, the orange of fiery hot steel, the pink of a delicate rosebud – garnet offers all these colors and more.
Garnet has popularity dating over 5,000 thousand years to ancient Egypt, where the gems were worked into beads or set into hand wrought jewelry. Jewelry set with dark red garnets from Chezchoslovakia was extremely popular in the nineteenth century. Pieces set with these Bohemian garnets are still in high demand today for their beauty and uniqueness. Today’s gemstone collector knows that garnet offers a myriad of color choices in every shade imaginable, except blue.
Origins - Garnets are mined in many locales around the world. Some of its more important sources include Africa, Australia, Brazil, India, Madagascar, Russia, Sri Lanka and the United States.
Care - Garnet is both hard and durable. Garnet can be cleaned using an ultrasonic cleaning machine, any commercial jewelry cleaner or mild soap and lukewarm water using a soft brush. Be sure to rinse and dry your jewelry thoroughly after cleaning.
Mohs Hardness: 7-7.5
Common Color: Reddish Brown
When most people think of garnet, they see only images of a dark red gemstone. But look a little deeper into garnet’s many varieties, and you’ll discover every color of the rainbow except blue. Few gems can rival garnet in the diversity of colors available. The green of summer grass, the gold of freshly harvested wheat, the orange of fiery hot steel, the pink of a delicate rosebud – garnet offers all these colors and more.
Garnet has popularity dating over 5,000 thousand years to ancient Egypt, where the gems were worked into beads or set into hand wrought jewelry. Jewelry set with dark red garnets from Chezchoslovakia was extremely popular in the nineteenth century. Pieces set with these Bohemian garnets are still in high demand today for their beauty and uniqueness. Today’s gemstone collector knows that garnet offers a myriad of color choices in every shade imaginable, except blue.
Origins - Garnets are mined in many locales around the world. Some of its more important sources include Africa, Australia, Brazil, India, Madagascar, Russia, Sri Lanka and the United States.
Care - Garnet is both hard and durable. Garnet can be cleaned using an ultrasonic cleaning machine, any commercial jewelry cleaner or mild soap and lukewarm water using a soft brush. Be sure to rinse and dry your jewelry thoroughly after cleaning.
February - Amethyst
Amethyst
Mohs Hardness: 7
Common Colors: Bluish Purple to purple to reddish purple
Amethyst holds a magical appeal that’s proven to be timeless and universal. Amethyst displays a majestic hue of purple, moving from very light to very dark. With purple being the chosen color of royalty, amethyst has enjoyed an unwavering popularity dating back thousands years ago. The finest quality amethyst exhibits a high degree of transparency and a rich deep purple color enhanced by flashes of burgundy of rose.
Amethyst has been a popular gemstone for centuries, and with good reasons. It is beautiful, durable and affordable. Amethyst is a variety of the mineral species quartz. It is a hard gemstone that is resistant to both scratching and breaking. Amethyst can be faceted or fashioned into cabochon cuts.
Origins -Amethyst is found all over the world. Major sources include Brazil and Uruguay. Other sources include Zambia, India, Sri Lanka and the United States. Small quantities of very fine amethyst are also mined in Russia.
Care - The beautiful color in your amethyst, if properly taken care of, will last indefinitely. Amethyst should be protected from sharp blows and scratches but is otherwise quite resistant to normal wear. Amethyst can be cleaned with most any commercial jewelry cleaner or mild soap and lukewarm water using a soft brush. Be sure to rinse and dry your jewelry thoroughly after cleaning. Some amethyst, whether treated or not, made fade if exposed to sunlight for long periods of time. Because of this, you shouldn’t wear your amethyst jewelry while sunbathing or when using tanning bed.
Mohs Hardness: 7
Common Colors: Bluish Purple to purple to reddish purple
Amethyst holds a magical appeal that’s proven to be timeless and universal. Amethyst displays a majestic hue of purple, moving from very light to very dark. With purple being the chosen color of royalty, amethyst has enjoyed an unwavering popularity dating back thousands years ago. The finest quality amethyst exhibits a high degree of transparency and a rich deep purple color enhanced by flashes of burgundy of rose.
Amethyst has been a popular gemstone for centuries, and with good reasons. It is beautiful, durable and affordable. Amethyst is a variety of the mineral species quartz. It is a hard gemstone that is resistant to both scratching and breaking. Amethyst can be faceted or fashioned into cabochon cuts.
Origins -Amethyst is found all over the world. Major sources include Brazil and Uruguay. Other sources include Zambia, India, Sri Lanka and the United States. Small quantities of very fine amethyst are also mined in Russia.
Care - The beautiful color in your amethyst, if properly taken care of, will last indefinitely. Amethyst should be protected from sharp blows and scratches but is otherwise quite resistant to normal wear. Amethyst can be cleaned with most any commercial jewelry cleaner or mild soap and lukewarm water using a soft brush. Be sure to rinse and dry your jewelry thoroughly after cleaning. Some amethyst, whether treated or not, made fade if exposed to sunlight for long periods of time. Because of this, you shouldn’t wear your amethyst jewelry while sunbathing or when using tanning bed.
March - Aquamarine
Aquamarine
Mohs Hardness: 7.5-8
Common Color: Greenish-blue to blue-green
The Greeks proclaimed this highly prized, light blue gem aquamarine, because it sparkles like the see touched by the sun. Found in an array of pastel tones from very light to medium blue, aquamarine is often tinted by a plash of green. The delicate greenish blue of a fine aquamarine conjures up images of dancing light on the purest of tropical waters.
Aquamarine holds its place securely among the world’s most desirable gems. Ranging in tone from a very light to medium blue, many aquamarine will exhibit a slight tint of green in their body color. Generally the darker shades are more valued, but many people prefer the lively brightness of lighter hues. Aquamarine is readily available in larger sizes over 5 carats. In fact, gem quality aquamarine crystals weighing several hundred pounds have been discovered.
Origins - Today’s most important source for aquamarine is Brazil. Other sources include Zambia, Nigeria, Madagascar and the United States.
Care - Aquamarines should never be cleaned with a steam cleaner or an ultrasonic cleaning machine. Aquamarines can be cleaned with most any commercial jewelry cleaner or mild soap and lukewarm water using a soft brush. Be sure to rinse and dry your jewelry thoroughly after cleaning.
Mohs Hardness: 7.5-8
Common Color: Greenish-blue to blue-green
The Greeks proclaimed this highly prized, light blue gem aquamarine, because it sparkles like the see touched by the sun. Found in an array of pastel tones from very light to medium blue, aquamarine is often tinted by a plash of green. The delicate greenish blue of a fine aquamarine conjures up images of dancing light on the purest of tropical waters.
Aquamarine holds its place securely among the world’s most desirable gems. Ranging in tone from a very light to medium blue, many aquamarine will exhibit a slight tint of green in their body color. Generally the darker shades are more valued, but many people prefer the lively brightness of lighter hues. Aquamarine is readily available in larger sizes over 5 carats. In fact, gem quality aquamarine crystals weighing several hundred pounds have been discovered.
Origins - Today’s most important source for aquamarine is Brazil. Other sources include Zambia, Nigeria, Madagascar and the United States.
Care - Aquamarines should never be cleaned with a steam cleaner or an ultrasonic cleaning machine. Aquamarines can be cleaned with most any commercial jewelry cleaner or mild soap and lukewarm water using a soft brush. Be sure to rinse and dry your jewelry thoroughly after cleaning.
April - Diamond
Diamond
Mohs Hardness: 10
Common Colors: D (colorless) to Z (yellowish)
A diamond is pure or nearly pure crystallized carbon, with three extraordinary qualities:
First, a diamond owns unique powers of light reflection. When cut to proper proportions, it gathers light within itself, and sends it back in a shower of fire and brilliance.
Second, it is the only gem mineral composed of a single, unadulterated element, making it the purist of the earths gemstones.
Third, it is the hardest transparent substance known to man. However, due to its unique internal structure, if subjected to an impact, a diamond may sustain damage.
It is fitting that the purest and most brilliant of all the world’s stones should also be the most enduring. These qualities make the diamond engagement ring the perfect symbol of everlasting love.
Origins - Today’s major source for diamond is South Africa. Other sources include Botswana, USSR, Australia, Nambia, Zaire, Brazil and China .
Care - Diamonds are safe in the ultrasonic machine, in the steamer and doesn't have any reactions to any chemicals.
Mohs Hardness: 10
Common Colors: D (colorless) to Z (yellowish)
A diamond is pure or nearly pure crystallized carbon, with three extraordinary qualities:
First, a diamond owns unique powers of light reflection. When cut to proper proportions, it gathers light within itself, and sends it back in a shower of fire and brilliance.
Second, it is the only gem mineral composed of a single, unadulterated element, making it the purist of the earths gemstones.
Third, it is the hardest transparent substance known to man. However, due to its unique internal structure, if subjected to an impact, a diamond may sustain damage.
It is fitting that the purest and most brilliant of all the world’s stones should also be the most enduring. These qualities make the diamond engagement ring the perfect symbol of everlasting love.
Origins - Today’s major source for diamond is South Africa. Other sources include Botswana, USSR, Australia, Nambia, Zaire, Brazil and China .
Care - Diamonds are safe in the ultrasonic machine, in the steamer and doesn't have any reactions to any chemicals.
May - Emerald
Emerald
Mohs Hardness: 7.5-8
Common Color: Strong bluish-green to green
Emerald, with its rich green reflecting the colors of spring, has been treasured for thousand of years as an emblem of rebirth and enduring love. The favorite of Pharaohs, prized by the Mogul rulers of India, and coveted by the royal houses of Europe, no other green gemstone can rival the emerald’s luxuriant green hue, entrancing beauty and eternal popularity.
Emerald is translucent to transparent. It is generally thought of as green in color. But look closer, and you’ll discover subtle but important differences in tones and hues. Some of the world’s finest emeralds are described as slightly bluish green in color and medium in tone. Pure green emeralds are also highly desirable. Emerald is part of the mineral family called beryl. If a gem is too light in tone it is no longer considered an emerald, but it is referred to as green beryl. Common in many emeralds are a wide variety of internal characteristics or inclusions, often described collectively as a garden. Many feel that this garden adds interests and individuality to an emerald. Emeralds without these internal features are very rare and valuable.
Origins - Current key sources for emerald include Colombia, Brazil, Pakistan, Africa and Russia.
Care - Care should be excised when both wearing and cleaning emerald jewelry. The internal features found in most emeralds make them very susceptible to sharp blows and sudden temperature changes. Never clean an emerald with an ultrasonic cleaning machine or a steam cleaner. You should not clean emeralds with strong detergents or most commercial jewelry cleaners. The safest and best way to clean a piece of jewelry containing emeralds is with lukewarm water, a very mild soap and a soft brush. Be sure to rinse and dry your jewelry thoroughly after cleaning.
Mohs Hardness: 7.5-8
Common Color: Strong bluish-green to green
Emerald, with its rich green reflecting the colors of spring, has been treasured for thousand of years as an emblem of rebirth and enduring love. The favorite of Pharaohs, prized by the Mogul rulers of India, and coveted by the royal houses of Europe, no other green gemstone can rival the emerald’s luxuriant green hue, entrancing beauty and eternal popularity.
Emerald is translucent to transparent. It is generally thought of as green in color. But look closer, and you’ll discover subtle but important differences in tones and hues. Some of the world’s finest emeralds are described as slightly bluish green in color and medium in tone. Pure green emeralds are also highly desirable. Emerald is part of the mineral family called beryl. If a gem is too light in tone it is no longer considered an emerald, but it is referred to as green beryl. Common in many emeralds are a wide variety of internal characteristics or inclusions, often described collectively as a garden. Many feel that this garden adds interests and individuality to an emerald. Emeralds without these internal features are very rare and valuable.
Origins - Current key sources for emerald include Colombia, Brazil, Pakistan, Africa and Russia.
Care - Care should be excised when both wearing and cleaning emerald jewelry. The internal features found in most emeralds make them very susceptible to sharp blows and sudden temperature changes. Never clean an emerald with an ultrasonic cleaning machine or a steam cleaner. You should not clean emeralds with strong detergents or most commercial jewelry cleaners. The safest and best way to clean a piece of jewelry containing emeralds is with lukewarm water, a very mild soap and a soft brush. Be sure to rinse and dry your jewelry thoroughly after cleaning.
June - Pearl
Pearl
Mohs Hardness: 2.5-4.5
Common Color: White to pink to cream to black
Long known as the "Queen of Gems," the pearl posses a history and allure more compelling than any other gem. In fact, a beautifully matched strand of natural pearls is a treasure of incomparable value. Given the incredible rarity of natural pearls, today’s cultured pearls combine the beauty of nature with the genius of man to create an organic gem available in a wide array of styles and prices.
Cultured pearls are formed when a small piece of mantle tissue, a bead, or both is implanted into an oyster. Implanted material encourages the oyster to begin producing a rich and luxurious material, called nacre, that creates the pearl’s lustrous outer glow. Cultivated both in fresh and salt water, cultured pearls come in many different shapes and colors. The most popular shapes have traditionally been round, but more unusual shapes like baroque and button are also available. Colors range from white and cream to gray and black, as well as rich purples, golds and yellows.
Origins - Saltwater cultured pearls are produced in the ocean bays, atolls and inlets of Japan, Chine, Australia, French Polynesia, Myanmar, Indonesia and the Philippines. Freshwater cultured pearls are produced in the lakes and rivers of China and the United States.
Care - Cultured pearls are softer than most gemstones but durable enough for everyday wear. Because oils, soaps and chemicals can damage the beautiful nacre, you should apply cosmetics, perfumes and hairspray before putting on your pearls. Wipe your pearls with a dry, soft cloth after each wearing. Never clean cultured pearls with any harsh chemical, and only use a commercial jewelry cleaner specifically made for cultured pearls. The safest cleaning method is using a mild soap and lukewarm water solution, wiping with a soft cloth. Always lay strands flat to try to prevent the cord from stretching. To ensure years of enjoyment, be sure to have your cultured pearl strands regularly inspected and re-strung as needed by your friends at Diamond Designs.
Mohs Hardness: 2.5-4.5
Common Color: White to pink to cream to black
Long known as the "Queen of Gems," the pearl posses a history and allure more compelling than any other gem. In fact, a beautifully matched strand of natural pearls is a treasure of incomparable value. Given the incredible rarity of natural pearls, today’s cultured pearls combine the beauty of nature with the genius of man to create an organic gem available in a wide array of styles and prices.
Cultured pearls are formed when a small piece of mantle tissue, a bead, or both is implanted into an oyster. Implanted material encourages the oyster to begin producing a rich and luxurious material, called nacre, that creates the pearl’s lustrous outer glow. Cultivated both in fresh and salt water, cultured pearls come in many different shapes and colors. The most popular shapes have traditionally been round, but more unusual shapes like baroque and button are also available. Colors range from white and cream to gray and black, as well as rich purples, golds and yellows.
Origins - Saltwater cultured pearls are produced in the ocean bays, atolls and inlets of Japan, Chine, Australia, French Polynesia, Myanmar, Indonesia and the Philippines. Freshwater cultured pearls are produced in the lakes and rivers of China and the United States.
Care - Cultured pearls are softer than most gemstones but durable enough for everyday wear. Because oils, soaps and chemicals can damage the beautiful nacre, you should apply cosmetics, perfumes and hairspray before putting on your pearls. Wipe your pearls with a dry, soft cloth after each wearing. Never clean cultured pearls with any harsh chemical, and only use a commercial jewelry cleaner specifically made for cultured pearls. The safest cleaning method is using a mild soap and lukewarm water solution, wiping with a soft cloth. Always lay strands flat to try to prevent the cord from stretching. To ensure years of enjoyment, be sure to have your cultured pearl strands regularly inspected and re-strung as needed by your friends at Diamond Designs.
June - Alexandrite
Alexandrite
Mohs Hardness: 8.5
Common Color: Raspberry to plum to bluish-green
Another of June's birthstones is the Alexandrite. The stone is named after Prince Alexander of Russia (which is why the "A" in Alexandrite is capitalized), who was to later become Czar Alexander II in 1855). Discovered in 1839 on the day of the prince's birthday, Alexandrite was found in an emerald mine in the Ural Mountains of Russia. Because it is a relatively recent discovery, there has been little time for myth and superstition to build around this unusual stone. In Russia, the stone was also popular because it reflected the Russian national colors, green and red, and was believed to bring good luck. The Alexandrite possesses an enchanting chameleon-like personality. In daylight, it appears as a beautiful green, sometimes with a bluish cast or with a brownish tint. However, under artificial lighting, the stone turns reddish-violet or violet. Alexandrite belongs to the chrysoberyl family, a mineral called beryllium aluminum oxide in chemistry jargon, that contains the elements beryllium, aluminum and oxygen. Alexandrite is an uncommon stone, and therefore very expensive.
Origin - Sri Lanka is the main source of Alexandrite today, and the stones have also been found in Brazil, Malagasy, Zimbabwe, Tanzania and Burma.
Care - Alexandrite is usually safe in an ultrasonic cleaner as well as under a steamer and does not have a reaction to chemicals.
Mohs Hardness: 8.5
Common Color: Raspberry to plum to bluish-green
Another of June's birthstones is the Alexandrite. The stone is named after Prince Alexander of Russia (which is why the "A" in Alexandrite is capitalized), who was to later become Czar Alexander II in 1855). Discovered in 1839 on the day of the prince's birthday, Alexandrite was found in an emerald mine in the Ural Mountains of Russia. Because it is a relatively recent discovery, there has been little time for myth and superstition to build around this unusual stone. In Russia, the stone was also popular because it reflected the Russian national colors, green and red, and was believed to bring good luck. The Alexandrite possesses an enchanting chameleon-like personality. In daylight, it appears as a beautiful green, sometimes with a bluish cast or with a brownish tint. However, under artificial lighting, the stone turns reddish-violet or violet. Alexandrite belongs to the chrysoberyl family, a mineral called beryllium aluminum oxide in chemistry jargon, that contains the elements beryllium, aluminum and oxygen. Alexandrite is an uncommon stone, and therefore very expensive.
Origin - Sri Lanka is the main source of Alexandrite today, and the stones have also been found in Brazil, Malagasy, Zimbabwe, Tanzania and Burma.
Care - Alexandrite is usually safe in an ultrasonic cleaner as well as under a steamer and does not have a reaction to chemicals.
July - Ruby
Ruby
Mohs Hardness: 9
Common Colors: Orange-red through purple red
Ruby is all about passion – penetrating the heart with color and fire like no other gemstone. Unmatched in legend and seldom rivaled in beauty, it combines the energy of light with the power of fire into a single breathtaking scarlet colored gem. Recognized as the world’s most valued gemstone for centuries, ruby holds the undisputed title as the "King of Gems."
Ruby posses a color like no other gemstone. At its finest, the purity of its burning crimson hue inspires with love and desire. Rubies come in a variety of colors ranging from purplish red to orangey red. Ruby belongs to the same mineral family as sapphire, but if a gem is too light in tone or too purple or orange in hue, it is called a fancy sapphire and not a ruby. The most sought-after rubies are pure red or red with very slight pinkish under tone. Very fine quality rubies, especially in sizes over 3 carats, are incredibly rare and valuable – much rarer than top quality colorless diamonds.
Origins - Some of the finest rubies in the world are mined in Myanmar. Other important sources include Kenya, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Tanzania, Thailand and Vietnam.
Care - Rubies are both hard and durable and can be cleaned using an ultrasonic cleaning machine, any commercial jewelry cleaner or mild soap and lukewarm water using a soft brush. Rubies with a glasslike residue in surface-reaching fractures should not be cleaned with an ultrasonic or steam machine. Be sure to rinse and dry your jewelry thoroughly after cleaning.
Mohs Hardness: 9
Common Colors: Orange-red through purple red
Ruby is all about passion – penetrating the heart with color and fire like no other gemstone. Unmatched in legend and seldom rivaled in beauty, it combines the energy of light with the power of fire into a single breathtaking scarlet colored gem. Recognized as the world’s most valued gemstone for centuries, ruby holds the undisputed title as the "King of Gems."
Ruby posses a color like no other gemstone. At its finest, the purity of its burning crimson hue inspires with love and desire. Rubies come in a variety of colors ranging from purplish red to orangey red. Ruby belongs to the same mineral family as sapphire, but if a gem is too light in tone or too purple or orange in hue, it is called a fancy sapphire and not a ruby. The most sought-after rubies are pure red or red with very slight pinkish under tone. Very fine quality rubies, especially in sizes over 3 carats, are incredibly rare and valuable – much rarer than top quality colorless diamonds.
Origins - Some of the finest rubies in the world are mined in Myanmar. Other important sources include Kenya, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Tanzania, Thailand and Vietnam.
Care - Rubies are both hard and durable and can be cleaned using an ultrasonic cleaning machine, any commercial jewelry cleaner or mild soap and lukewarm water using a soft brush. Rubies with a glasslike residue in surface-reaching fractures should not be cleaned with an ultrasonic or steam machine. Be sure to rinse and dry your jewelry thoroughly after cleaning.
August - Peridot
Peridot
Mohs Hardness: 6.5-7
Common Colors: Yellow-green to green-yellow to brownish green
Often called the "volcanic gem," peridot usually forms in the rocks created violent volcanic activity. On rare occasions, peridot also has been found in meteorites that have fallen to the earth. No matter the source, whether from Mother Nature’s fiery depths or rocks that are truly out of this world, peridot has caught the attention of humans for thousands of years. Ranging from a light yellowish green or darker, richer shades of olive, peridot conjures images of young spring grass or the greens of a rich, dark forest at twilight.
Peridot has a history dating back well over 3,500 years. It was first mines on the Isle of Serpents in the Red Sea. Later renamed St. John’s Island, this historically important source of peridot supplied gems to the royal rulers of ancient Egypt, including Cleopatra. In recent years the popularity of peridot has steadily increased. This can be attributed to its availability, affordability and the growing use of shades of chartreuse by some of the world’s leading fashion designers.
Origins - Peridot in limited quantities has been found in many volcanic regions all over the world, including parts of Italy and the Hawaiian Islands. Some of the world’s finest quality peridots are mined in Myanmar. The world’s most prolific source of peridots is the San Carlos Native America Reservation in Arizona. Other sources include China, Brazil and Pakistan.
Care - Peridot does not react well to heat. Avoid sudden temperature changes. Peridot should never be cleaned with a steam cleaner or an ultrasonic cleaning machine. Peridot can be cleaned with most any commercial jewelry cleaner or mild soap and lukewarm water using a soft brush. Be sure to rinse and dry your jewelry thoroughly after cleaning.
Mohs Hardness: 6.5-7
Common Colors: Yellow-green to green-yellow to brownish green
Often called the "volcanic gem," peridot usually forms in the rocks created violent volcanic activity. On rare occasions, peridot also has been found in meteorites that have fallen to the earth. No matter the source, whether from Mother Nature’s fiery depths or rocks that are truly out of this world, peridot has caught the attention of humans for thousands of years. Ranging from a light yellowish green or darker, richer shades of olive, peridot conjures images of young spring grass or the greens of a rich, dark forest at twilight.
Peridot has a history dating back well over 3,500 years. It was first mines on the Isle of Serpents in the Red Sea. Later renamed St. John’s Island, this historically important source of peridot supplied gems to the royal rulers of ancient Egypt, including Cleopatra. In recent years the popularity of peridot has steadily increased. This can be attributed to its availability, affordability and the growing use of shades of chartreuse by some of the world’s leading fashion designers.
Origins - Peridot in limited quantities has been found in many volcanic regions all over the world, including parts of Italy and the Hawaiian Islands. Some of the world’s finest quality peridots are mined in Myanmar. The world’s most prolific source of peridots is the San Carlos Native America Reservation in Arizona. Other sources include China, Brazil and Pakistan.
Care - Peridot does not react well to heat. Avoid sudden temperature changes. Peridot should never be cleaned with a steam cleaner or an ultrasonic cleaning machine. Peridot can be cleaned with most any commercial jewelry cleaner or mild soap and lukewarm water using a soft brush. Be sure to rinse and dry your jewelry thoroughly after cleaning.
September - Sapphire
Sapphire
Mohs Hardness: 9
Common Color: Blue
Long considered the ultimate blue gemstone, sapphire swing from the coolest and quietest shades to the most vibrant lusty blues imaginable. And sapphire doesn’t stop there. You’ll discover some sapphires – often referred to as fancy sapphires – in shades of pink, purple, orange, yellow, gold and green, ranging from soft pastels to vibrant hues that shout with excitement. Varied and versatile – the choice is yours!
Sapphire, the celestial gemstone long associated with the sky and the heavens, has been revered by humanity for thousands of years. Symbolizing truth, honesty and faithfulness, sapphire is an excellent choice for an engagement ring or any piece of jewelry given as a gift of love. As with most gemstones, the finest sapphires, no matter their color, are a vibrant hue with a medium tone. Extremely dark, almost black sapphires and extremely pale sapphires are among the most affordable. When shopping for a sapphire, let your own personal taste guide you.
Origins - An important historical source of fine quality sapphire is the Kashmir district of India in the Himalayas. Current sources include Australia, India, Myanmar (formerly Burma), Sri Lanka, Thailand and the United States.
Care - Sapphire is hard and durable. Sapphires can be cleaned using an ultrasonic cleaning machine, any commercial jewelry cleaner or mild soap and lukewarm water using a soft brush. Be sure to rinse and dry your jewelry thoroughly after cleaning.
Mohs Hardness: 9
Common Color: Blue
Long considered the ultimate blue gemstone, sapphire swing from the coolest and quietest shades to the most vibrant lusty blues imaginable. And sapphire doesn’t stop there. You’ll discover some sapphires – often referred to as fancy sapphires – in shades of pink, purple, orange, yellow, gold and green, ranging from soft pastels to vibrant hues that shout with excitement. Varied and versatile – the choice is yours!
Sapphire, the celestial gemstone long associated with the sky and the heavens, has been revered by humanity for thousands of years. Symbolizing truth, honesty and faithfulness, sapphire is an excellent choice for an engagement ring or any piece of jewelry given as a gift of love. As with most gemstones, the finest sapphires, no matter their color, are a vibrant hue with a medium tone. Extremely dark, almost black sapphires and extremely pale sapphires are among the most affordable. When shopping for a sapphire, let your own personal taste guide you.
Origins - An important historical source of fine quality sapphire is the Kashmir district of India in the Himalayas. Current sources include Australia, India, Myanmar (formerly Burma), Sri Lanka, Thailand and the United States.
Care - Sapphire is hard and durable. Sapphires can be cleaned using an ultrasonic cleaning machine, any commercial jewelry cleaner or mild soap and lukewarm water using a soft brush. Be sure to rinse and dry your jewelry thoroughly after cleaning.
October - Opal
Opal
Mohs Hardness: 5-6.5
Common Colors: White, black and orange
Unlike any other gemstone, opal dazzles the eye with a spectral display of flashing and dancing colors – colors that move and shift within the opal’s mysterious depths. A Roman historian in the first century AD wrote, "There is in them a softer fire that a ruby, there is the brilliant purple of the amethyst and the sea green if the emerald – all shining together in incredible union. Some by their splendor rival the colors of the painters, others the flame of burning sulfur or of fire quickened by oil." Opal offers the wearer a wider variety of appearances and color choices than any other gem.
Opal is treasured as much for its different appearances as it is for its breath taking beauty. There are over 100 different varieties and trade names used today to describe opals. Opals with a lighter body color are often called white opals, and those with a darker (and more rare) body color are classified as black opals. Whether white or black, the value of an opal depends on the vividness of spectral flashes (often called play of color) visible from within the gem and the patterns these colors form. Another popular opal with little or no play of color is fire opal. Fire opals range in hue from vivid yellows and to fiery reds and oranges.
Origins - Most of the world’s opals come from the deserts Australia. Other important sources include Mexico and the United States.
Care - Because of their unusually high water content, opals should be protected from heat and strong light that can dry them out. Opals also draw moisture from the air, therefore, should not be stored for a long period of time dehumidified environments such as a bank vault. Never clean opals using strong chemicals and detergents, and avoid both ultrasonic and steam cleaning machines. Because opals are slightly softer that most transparent gemstones, they are best suited for wear in earrings and pendants. When mounted in a ring or a bracelet, special attention should be paid to ensure the stone is well protected. Opals can be cleaned with mild soap and lukewarm water using a soft brush. Be sure to rinse and dry your jewelry thoroughly after cleaning.
Mohs Hardness: 5-6.5
Common Colors: White, black and orange
Unlike any other gemstone, opal dazzles the eye with a spectral display of flashing and dancing colors – colors that move and shift within the opal’s mysterious depths. A Roman historian in the first century AD wrote, "There is in them a softer fire that a ruby, there is the brilliant purple of the amethyst and the sea green if the emerald – all shining together in incredible union. Some by their splendor rival the colors of the painters, others the flame of burning sulfur or of fire quickened by oil." Opal offers the wearer a wider variety of appearances and color choices than any other gem.
Opal is treasured as much for its different appearances as it is for its breath taking beauty. There are over 100 different varieties and trade names used today to describe opals. Opals with a lighter body color are often called white opals, and those with a darker (and more rare) body color are classified as black opals. Whether white or black, the value of an opal depends on the vividness of spectral flashes (often called play of color) visible from within the gem and the patterns these colors form. Another popular opal with little or no play of color is fire opal. Fire opals range in hue from vivid yellows and to fiery reds and oranges.
Origins - Most of the world’s opals come from the deserts Australia. Other important sources include Mexico and the United States.
Care - Because of their unusually high water content, opals should be protected from heat and strong light that can dry them out. Opals also draw moisture from the air, therefore, should not be stored for a long period of time dehumidified environments such as a bank vault. Never clean opals using strong chemicals and detergents, and avoid both ultrasonic and steam cleaning machines. Because opals are slightly softer that most transparent gemstones, they are best suited for wear in earrings and pendants. When mounted in a ring or a bracelet, special attention should be paid to ensure the stone is well protected. Opals can be cleaned with mild soap and lukewarm water using a soft brush. Be sure to rinse and dry your jewelry thoroughly after cleaning.
October - Tourmaline
Tourmaline
Mohs Hardness: 7-7.5
Common Colors: Green and crimson
Like garnet and sapphire, occurs in almost every color of the rainbow from soft pastel tones to bold and brilliant colors that excite the senses. The people of ancient Ceylon referred to these beautiful gems as "turmali", the Sinhalese word for many colors. Varying vibrant hues within the tourmaline group are such that they command a name that separates them from the more common hues. The vivid reds and hot pinks are known as Rubellite, vibrant greens that crystallized containing the chemical chromium and are called Chrome Tourmaline, and the violetish to greenish blues are referred to as Indicolite. The pink variety is often used as the birthstone for October. Not only does tourmaline occur in such a spectacular range of color, some of these colors occur in a single gemstone and are called "bi-color" or "parti-colored" tourmalines. In fact, one color combination known as "watermelon" tourmaline, occurs with a pink center and green perimeter.
Origins - Tourmaline is mined in many areas of the world including Brazil, Afghanistan, East Africa and the United States.
Care - Tourmaline is sensitive to the ultrasonic and steamers. Exposed to extreme heat may cause color change.
Mohs Hardness: 7-7.5
Common Colors: Green and crimson
Like garnet and sapphire, occurs in almost every color of the rainbow from soft pastel tones to bold and brilliant colors that excite the senses. The people of ancient Ceylon referred to these beautiful gems as "turmali", the Sinhalese word for many colors. Varying vibrant hues within the tourmaline group are such that they command a name that separates them from the more common hues. The vivid reds and hot pinks are known as Rubellite, vibrant greens that crystallized containing the chemical chromium and are called Chrome Tourmaline, and the violetish to greenish blues are referred to as Indicolite. The pink variety is often used as the birthstone for October. Not only does tourmaline occur in such a spectacular range of color, some of these colors occur in a single gemstone and are called "bi-color" or "parti-colored" tourmalines. In fact, one color combination known as "watermelon" tourmaline, occurs with a pink center and green perimeter.
Origins - Tourmaline is mined in many areas of the world including Brazil, Afghanistan, East Africa and the United States.
Care - Tourmaline is sensitive to the ultrasonic and steamers. Exposed to extreme heat may cause color change.
November - Citrine
Citrine
Mohs Hardness: 7
Common Colors: Yellow-orange to brown-orange
As the golden variety of the quartz family, citrine takes its name from citron, the French word for lemon. But don’t think that all citrine is the color of lemonade. Citrines range from the soft hues of golden champagne to the rich, deep color of fine Maderia wine. Its broad range of colors and outstanding affordability make citrine one of the most popular and desirable gemstones in the world.
Citrine is a gemstone that generates a feeling of warmth and often sparks an attitude of light heartedness in the wearer. Sunny and affordable, citrine is the perfect complement to any jewelry wardrobe, blending especially well with pastel colors and bright, polished surfaces. Citrine is also readily available in larger sizes. It’s not uncommon to find beautiful faceted gems over 10 carats, especially in lighter shades of yellow.
Origins - Most citrine comes from Brazil. Other sources include Madagascar, Bolivia, and the United States.
Care - The beautiful color in your citrine, if properly taken care of, will last indefinitely. Citrine should be protected from sharp blows and scratched but is otherwise quite resistant to normal wear. Citrine can be cleaned with most any commercial jewelry cleaner or mild soap and lukewarm water using a soft brush. Be sure to rinse and dry your jewelry thoroughly after cleaning. Some citrine, whether treated or not, may fade if exposed to sunlight or heat for long periods of time. Because of this, you should never wear your citrine jewelry while sunbathing or when using a tanning bed.
Mohs Hardness: 7
Common Colors: Yellow-orange to brown-orange
As the golden variety of the quartz family, citrine takes its name from citron, the French word for lemon. But don’t think that all citrine is the color of lemonade. Citrines range from the soft hues of golden champagne to the rich, deep color of fine Maderia wine. Its broad range of colors and outstanding affordability make citrine one of the most popular and desirable gemstones in the world.
Citrine is a gemstone that generates a feeling of warmth and often sparks an attitude of light heartedness in the wearer. Sunny and affordable, citrine is the perfect complement to any jewelry wardrobe, blending especially well with pastel colors and bright, polished surfaces. Citrine is also readily available in larger sizes. It’s not uncommon to find beautiful faceted gems over 10 carats, especially in lighter shades of yellow.
Origins - Most citrine comes from Brazil. Other sources include Madagascar, Bolivia, and the United States.
Care - The beautiful color in your citrine, if properly taken care of, will last indefinitely. Citrine should be protected from sharp blows and scratched but is otherwise quite resistant to normal wear. Citrine can be cleaned with most any commercial jewelry cleaner or mild soap and lukewarm water using a soft brush. Be sure to rinse and dry your jewelry thoroughly after cleaning. Some citrine, whether treated or not, may fade if exposed to sunlight or heat for long periods of time. Because of this, you should never wear your citrine jewelry while sunbathing or when using a tanning bed.
December - Blue Topaz
Blue
Topaz
Mohs Hardness: 8
Common Colors: Light to dark blue
Cast your eyes upon the ocean waters as the setting sun displays its dance of color, and you’ll discover all the rich spectral hues of topaz. On its cool side, topaz ranges from a soft sky blue to the richest and most vivid aquas and greenish blues imaginable. Warmer tones of topaz take on the golden hue of a fine Chardonnay or the blush of a tree ripened peach. Other colors range from rich, warm browns to lusty variations of orange and cinnamon. Some of the most rare and exceptional shades of topaz include rich pinks and sherry reds.
Topaz owes its long-lasting popularity to many things, but chief among these is its remarkable combination of beauty and affordability. Found in many different colors and sizes, topaz continues today to be one of the world’s most desirable and sought after gemstones.
Origins - The most prolific sources of topaz are Brazil and Nigeria. Topaz is also found in Myanmar, Russia, Sri Lanka, and the United States.
Care - Topaz is a hard gemstone that is very resistant to scratching, but because of its internal structure it may break or split if subject to hard blows or sudden changes in temperature. Topaz should never be cleaned in an ultrasonic cleaning machine. Topaz can be cleaned with most any commercial jewelry cleaner or mild soap and lukewarm water using a soft brush. Be sure to rinse and dry your jewelry thoroughly after cleaning.
Mohs Hardness: 8
Common Colors: Light to dark blue
Cast your eyes upon the ocean waters as the setting sun displays its dance of color, and you’ll discover all the rich spectral hues of topaz. On its cool side, topaz ranges from a soft sky blue to the richest and most vivid aquas and greenish blues imaginable. Warmer tones of topaz take on the golden hue of a fine Chardonnay or the blush of a tree ripened peach. Other colors range from rich, warm browns to lusty variations of orange and cinnamon. Some of the most rare and exceptional shades of topaz include rich pinks and sherry reds.
Topaz owes its long-lasting popularity to many things, but chief among these is its remarkable combination of beauty and affordability. Found in many different colors and sizes, topaz continues today to be one of the world’s most desirable and sought after gemstones.
Origins - The most prolific sources of topaz are Brazil and Nigeria. Topaz is also found in Myanmar, Russia, Sri Lanka, and the United States.
Care - Topaz is a hard gemstone that is very resistant to scratching, but because of its internal structure it may break or split if subject to hard blows or sudden changes in temperature. Topaz should never be cleaned in an ultrasonic cleaning machine. Topaz can be cleaned with most any commercial jewelry cleaner or mild soap and lukewarm water using a soft brush. Be sure to rinse and dry your jewelry thoroughly after cleaning.